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Examinations Exert a Negative Influence on Education(考試對(duì)教育的負(fù)面影響)
Examinations Exert a Negative Influence on EducationWe might marvel at the progress made in every field of study,but the methods of testing a person's knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person's
true ability and aptitude.
As anxiety makers, examinations are second to none.That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. The moment a child begins school,he enters a world of sharp competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of drop-outs, young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even begun a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?
A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so 'the student is encouraged to memories. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under pressure.
考試對(duì)教育的負(fù)面影響
每一個(gè)學(xué)科領(lǐng)域所取得的進(jìn)步都可能讓我們稱奇，然而用于測(cè)試一個(gè)人的學(xué)識(shí)和能力的方式卻仍和從前一樣原始。經(jīng)過(guò)這么多年，教育者們?nèi)詻]能創(chuàng)立出一種比考試更有效、更可靠的方法，這實(shí)在是不可思議。盡管有很多人虔誠(chéng)地宣稱考試可以測(cè)出你掌握的知識(shí)，卻有這樣一個(gè)普遍的共識(shí)，即考試所做的往往與之相悖�？荚嚮蛟S是一種測(cè)驗(yàn)記憶力的好方法，或許是測(cè)驗(yàn)在極端壓力下快速工作的訣竅。但是它卻不能說(shuō)明一個(gè)人真正的能力和資質(zhì)。
考試作為“焦慮癥制造者”是無(wú)人能及的。這是因?yàn)橛心敲炊嗍虑槎加匈囉诳荚�。考試在我們的社�?huì)中是成功或失敗的標(biāo)志。在具有決定意義的某一天，你的一生可能就被決定了。一個(gè)孩子步入學(xué)校大門那一刻起，他便步入了一個(gè)殘酷競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的世界。在那里，成功和失敗都被明白無(wú)誤地加以定義并量度。輟學(xué)者的數(shù)量日漸增加——那些年輕人甚至還沒有從事一種職業(yè)便被作為徹底的失敗者而被剔除出去一—對(duì)此，我們難道不納悶嗎?我們難道對(duì)學(xué)生中的自殺率不感到驚詫嗎?
除了其他目的之外，良好的教育應(yīng)該訓(xùn)練人獨(dú)立思維的能力�？荚噮s根本做不到這一點(diǎn)。學(xué)生必須學(xué)些什么已由教學(xué)大綱生硬地規(guī)定了下來(lái)，這便鼓勵(lì)了學(xué)生去死記硬背。考試不但未能激發(fā)學(xué)生去廣泛地閱讀，反而限制了他們的閱讀范圍。它不但未使學(xué)生能夠去追求更多的知識(shí)，反而誘導(dǎo)了死記硬背。最成功的應(yīng)試者往往不是受教育最好的人，他們只不過(guò)是在應(yīng)付工作壓力的技巧方面最訓(xùn)練有素罷了。
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