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英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)所用設(shè)喻形象對(duì)比趣談
漢語(yǔ)中習(xí)語(yǔ)大致指人們習(xí)慣使用的成語(yǔ)典故,引語(yǔ),俗語(yǔ),歇后語(yǔ)和諺語(yǔ)等的集合體; 英語(yǔ)中的習(xí)語(yǔ)大 致可以包括一些 proverbs,sayings, colloquial phrases, allusions,一些idioms和slangs。通過(guò)對(duì)英漢習(xí)語(yǔ)對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí),我們不僅能了解不同文化中語(yǔ)言的民族性特色,而且能從不同的設(shè)喻形象中獲 得樂(lè)趣,覺(jué)得這樣的學(xué)習(xí)不是苦差事,并且還能使記憶深刻,理解到位,使用地道,甚至對(duì)英漢互譯也有幫助 。
筆者本著趣味性和使用性的原則,試著從一個(gè)hay stack 中找出幾根 needle來(lái),算管中窺豹吧,以下從四 個(gè)方面舉例說(shuō)明。
一.英漢習(xí)語(yǔ)所用設(shè)喻相似而意義相近的
Great minds think alike.英雄所見(jiàn)略同;
Courtesy costs nothing.禮多人不怪;
Lovers' quarrels are soon mended.夫妻無(wú)隔夜仇;
The higher up, the greater the fall. 攀高跌重:
know something like the palm or back of one's hand 了如指掌;
constant dropping wears the stone 滴水穿石;
fish in troubled water 混水摸魚(yú);
Great oaks from little acorns grow. 合抱之木,生于毫末;
pour oil on the flame 火上加油;
Give somebody an inch and he'll take an mile. 得寸進(jìn)尺;
lie down on the job. 磨洋工;
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵;
Walls have ears. 隔墻有耳;
The tailor makes the man. 人靠衣服馬靠鞍;
a yes man 應(yīng)聲蟲(chóng)(跟屁蟲(chóng));
at one's wit's end 才窮智盡;
hang by a thread 千鈞一發(fā);
plain sailing 一帆風(fēng)順;
follow in sb's footsteps 步人后塵;
bite off more than one can chew 貪多嚼不爛;
The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. 心有余而力不足;
wash one's hands of 洗手不干;
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 情人眼里出西施;
run sb. to earth 鉆入地縫也要抓到某人;
skin deep 膚淺。
以上此類由于設(shè)喻形象相似,因而最容易掌握,我們平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中要注意積累。
二.英漢習(xí)語(yǔ)所用設(shè)喻形象各異,意義卻相近的
When a man is going downhill, everyone will give him apush. 墻倒眾人推;
silken tongue 巧舌如簧;
a flash in the pan 曇花一現(xiàn);
don't cry over spilt milk 生米已成熟飯;
put all one's eggs in one basket. 孤注一擲;
hold a wolf by the ears 騎虎難下;
between the devil and the deep sea 進(jìn)退維谷;
kick the bucket 翹辮子,蹬腿兒(死了);
The longest day must have an end. 世上沒(méi)有不散的宴席;
like a rat in the hole 甕中捉鱉;
A good conscience is a soft pillow. 白天不做虧心事;半夜不怕鬼敲門;
birds of a feather 物以類聚,人以群分(一丘之貉);
You can't judge a tree by its bark.人不可貌相,海水不可斗量;
All is fish that comes to one's net. 抓到籃里便是菜;
cherish a snake in one's bosom 養(yǎng)虎為患;
diamond cut diamond 棋逢對(duì)手,將遇良才,(或針尖對(duì)麥芒);
Ne
w brooms sweep clean.新官上任三把火;
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